Publications

Design of a 100 kWh packed-bed heat storage system with liquid metal as heat transfer fluid
Zehnder, M.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Fellmoser, F.; Wetzel, T.; Niedermeier, K.
2024, March 11. 1st Jahrestreffen der DECHEMA - Fachsektion Energie, Chemie und Klima (2024), Frankfurt am Main, Germany, March 11–12, 2024

A Carbon Capture and Utilization Process for the Production of Solid Carbon Materials from Atmospheric CO2 – Part 1: Process Performance
Uhlenbruck, N.; Pfeifer, P.; Dietrich, B.; Hofberger, C.; Krumholz, R.; Saxler, A.; Schulz, L.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2024. ChemSusChem. doi:10.1002/cssc.202401779

A Carbon Capture and Utilization Process for the Production of Solid Carbon Materials from Atmospheric CO2 – Part 2: Carbon Characterization
Uhlenbruck, N.; Dietrich, B.; Heißler, S.; Hofberger, C.; Krumholz, R.; Stoppel, L.; Trouillet, V.; Weidler, P. G.; Wetzel, T.
2024. ChemSusChem. doi:10.1002/cssc.202401780

Liquid Metal Technology and Pyrolysis: An Innovative Couple for Sustainable Hydrogen and Carbon
Hofberger, C.; Gutsch, M. D.; Banuti, D. T.; Dietrich, B.; Niedermeier, K.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2024. 38th Conference of European Colloid & Interface Society (ECIS 2024), Copenhagen, Denmark, September 1–6, 2024

Packed-Bed Heat Storage Using Liquid Metals as Heat Transfer Fluids
Zehnder, M.; Purwitasari, A.; Fellmoser, F.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Wetzel, T.; Niedermeier, K.
2024. Helmholtz Energy Young Scientist Networking Days (2024), Maintal, Germany, October 7–8, 2024

Design and set up of a high temperature lead (Pb) loop for component testing
Lux, M.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Zehnder, M.; Niedermeier, K.
2024. 30th SolarPACES Conference (2024), Rome, Italy, October 8–11, 2024

LIMELISA project: Component testing for increased temperatures in high-temperature Carnot batteries with molten salt and molten metal
Niedermeier, K.; Klasing, F.; Lux, M.; Bauer, T.; Bosbach, F.
2024. 4th International Workshop on Carnot Batteries (2024), Stuttgart, Germany, September 23–25, 2024

Liquid metals - efficient heat transfer fluids for high-temperature heat storage
Niedermeier, K.; Zehnder, M.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Fellmoser, F.; Lux, M.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2024. Proceedings of the 16th IEA ES TCP International Conference on Energy Storage (ENERSTOCK 2024), Lyon, F, June 5-7, 2024. Ed.: F. Kuznik, 323–325, INSAVALOR

Low-Prandtl Number Heat Transfer Fluids in Packed-Bed Heat Storage
Schmidt, E. A.; Zehnder, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Niedermeier, K.
2024. Proceedings of the 18th UK Heat Transfer Conference, 9-11 September 2024, Birmingham

Low Prandtl number heat transfer fluids in packed bed heat storage
Schmidt, E. A.; Fellmoser, F.; Zehnder, M.; Niedermeier, K.
2024. 18th UK Heat Transfer Conference (UKHTC2024 2024), Birmingham, United Kingdom, September 9–11, 2024

Experimental Demonstration of the Production of Hydrogen and Water‐Free Formaldehyde Using Sodium Vapor
Kamienowska, M.; Deutschmann, M. P.; Bender, M.; Stoppel, L.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Niedermeier, K.
2024. Chemie Ingenieur Technik. doi:10.1002/cite.202400007

Technical Aspects of Natural Gas Pyrolysis in Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reactors
Hofberger, C.; Dietrich, B.; Krumholz, R.; Noglik, A. P.; Olbricht, M.; Schatzmann, S.; Stoppel, L.; Richter, M.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2024. Energy Technology, Art.-Nr.: 2400183. doi:10.1002/ente.202400183

Liquid metals - efficient heat transfer fluids for high-temperature heat storage
Niedermeier, K.; Zehnder, M.; Schmidt, E.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Fellmoser, F.; Lux, M.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2024. 16th IEA ES TCP International Conference on Energy Storage (ENERSTOCK 2024), Lyon, France, June 5–7, 2024

Packed-Bed Heat Storage Using Liquid Metals as Heat Transfer Fluids
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Zehnder, M.; Wetzel, T.
2024. 3rd International Sustainable Energy Conference (ISEC 2024), Graz, Austria, April 10–11, 2024

Technology Development for the Pyrolysis of Hydrocarbons in Liquid Metal
Stoppel, L.; Dietrich, B.; Duran, I.; Hofberger, C.; Krumholz, R.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2024. Chemie Ingenieur Technik, 96 (1-2), 30–35. doi:10.1002/cite.202300107

Screening of Filler Material for a Packed‐Bed Thermocline Energy Storage Test Facility with Lead–Bismuth Eutectic as the Heat Transfer Fluid
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Heinzel, A.; Hesse, R.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.; Niedermeier, K.
2024. Energy Technology, 12 (2), Art.-Nr.: 2300781. doi:10.1002/ente.202300781

CO Impact on Methane Pyrolysis as a Key Issue of Using Biogas as an Educt: A Theoretical Study
Durán, I.; Dietrich, B.; Hofberger, C.; Stoppel, L.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2023. (J. M. Coronado, Ed.) International Journal of Energy Research, 2023, 1–23. doi:10.1155/2023/3684046

A perspective on high‐temperature heat storage using liquid metal as heat transfer fluid
Niedermeier, K.
2023. Energy Storage, 5 (8), Art.Nr.: e530. doi:10.1002/est2.530

Technological Pathways to Produce Compressed and Highly Pure Hydrogen from Solar Power
Ivanova, M.; Peters, R.; Müller, M.; Haas, S.; Seidler, M. F.; Mutschke, G.; Eckert, K.; Röse, P.; Calnan, S.; Bagacki, R.; Schlatmann, R.; Grosselindemann, C.; Schäfer, L.-A.; Menzler, N. H.; Weber, A.; van de Krol, R.; Liang, F.; Abdi, F. F.; Brendelberger, S.; Neumann, N.; Grobbel, J.; Roeb, M.; Sattler, C.; Duran, I.; Dietrich, B.; Hofberger, C.; Stoppel, L.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.; Rauner, D.; Hecimovic, A.; Fantz, U.; Kulyk, N.; Harting, J.; Guillon, O.
2023. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 62 (32). doi:10.1002/anie.202218850

Heat transfer and pressure drop data of a turbulent tube flow of water and GaInSn with azimuthally inhomogeneous heat flux
Laube, T.; Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2023, January 27. doi:10.5445/IR/1000155030

Thermophysical Characterization and Static Corrosion Test of Potential Filler Materials for a Packed-bed Thermal Energy Storage with Liquid Metal
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Heinzel, A.; Hesse, R.; Wetzel, T.; Niedermeier, K.
2023. 17th International Renewable Energy Storage and Systems Conference (IRES 2023), Aachen, Germany, November 28–30, 2023

CO Emmision Free Hydrogen Production: Natural Gas Pyrolyis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reactor
Hofberger, C.; Duran Vera, I.; Krumholz, R.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2023. 14th European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE 2023), Berlin, Germany, September 17–21, 2023

Development of a Natural Gas Pyrolyis Process based on Liquid Metal Technology
Hofberger, C.; Krumholz, R.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2023. 29th SolarPACES Conference (2023), Sydney, Australia, October 10–13, 2023

Design of the LIMELIGHT Test Rig for Component Testing for High-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage with Liquid Metals
Niedermeier, K.; Lux, M.; Purwitasari, A.; Weisenburger, A.; Daubner, M.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Processes, 11 (10), Article no: 2975. doi:10.3390/pr11102975

Liquid Metals as Heat Transfer Fluids for High-Temperature Heat Storage
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Heat Powered Cycles Conference (2023), Edinburgh, United Kingdom, September 3–6, 2023

Carbon produced from atmospheric CO2 via a novel CCUS process : a promising electrode material for supercapacitors
Uhlenbruck, N.; Alsofi, G.; Chen, L.; Dietrich, B.; Malakauskaite, R.; Reynolds, C.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.; Kendrick, E.
2023. International Battery Production Conference (IBPC 2023), Brunswick, Germany, November 7–9, 2023

Experimental Investigation of Filler Material Compatibility for a Thermal Energy Storage with Liquid Metal as Heat Transfer Fluid
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Hesse, R.; Heinzel, A.; Niedermeier, K.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Helmholtz Energy Conference (2023), Koblenz, Germany, June 12–13, 2023

Synthesis of solid carbon products from atmospheric CO2 via direct air capture, methanation and subsequent methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor
Uhlenbruck, N.; Dietrich, B.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Gordon Research Conference — Carbon Capture, Utilization and Storage (2023), Les Diablerets, Switzerland, May 28–June 2, 2023

Characterization of Carbon Materials Produced from Methane Pyrolysis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reactor
Uhlenbruck, N.; Dietrich, B.; Heißler, S.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2023. The World Conference on Carbon (2023), Cancún, Mexico, July 16–21, 2023

Natural Gas Pyrolysis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reaction System—Part II: Pyrolysis Experiments and Discussion
Hofberger, C. M.; Dietrich, B.; Durán Vera, I.; Krumholz, R.; Stoppel, L.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Hydrogen, 4 (2), 357–372. doi:10.3390/hydrogen4020025

Demonstration of a Packed Bed Heat Storage with Liquid Metals - Status and Technical Challenges
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Helmholtz Energy Conference (2023), Koblenz, Germany, June 12–13, 2023

A test rig for component testing for high-temperature thermal energy storage with liquid metals
Niedermeier, K.; Lux, M.; Daubner, M.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Eurotherm Seminar "Innovative solutions for thermal energy storage deployment" (2023), Lleida, Spanien, May 24–26, 2023

Natural Gas Pyrolysis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reaction System. Part I: Experimental Setup and Methods
Hofberger, C. M.; Dietrich, B.; Durán Vera, I.; Krumholz, R.; Stoppel, L.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.
2023. Hydrogen, 4 (2), 295–306. doi:10.3390/hydrogen4020021

Methane Pyrolysis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reactor: A Model Approach Combining Bubble Dynamics with Byproduct and Soot Formation
Uhlenbruck, N.; Dietrich, B.; Hofberger, C.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2022. Energy Technology, 10 (11), Art.-Nr.: 2200654. doi:10.1002/ente.202200654

Experimental investigations on the design of a dual-media thermal energy storage with liquid metal
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Niedermeier, K.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2022. Applied Thermal Engineering, 213, Art.-Nr.: 118619. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118619

Parametric study of filler size and properties for a liquid-metal thermal energy storage
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Marocco, L.
2022. Applied Thermal Engineering, 212, Article no: 118568. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2022.118568

Preliminary Analysis of Carbon Produced from Methane Pyrolysis in a Liquid Metal Bubble Column Reactor
Uhlenbruck, N.; Dietrich, B.; Durán, I.; Hofberger, C.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2022. CMEMS (2022), Copenhagen, Denmark, July 6–8, 2022

High temperature heat storage with liquid metals as heat transfer fluids - status and challenges
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Wetzel, T.
2022. 2nd World Energy Storage Conference (WESC) / 7th UK Energy Storage Conference (UKESC) (2022), Birmingham, United Kingdom, October 12–14, 2022

Development of Sodium Catalyst Dosing Method for Water Free Formaldehyde Production
Kamienowska, M.; Niedermeier, K.; Stoppel, L.; Daubner, M.; Bender, M.; Wetzel, T.
2022. Annual Meeting on Reaction Engineering and ProcessNet Subject Division Heat and Mass Transfer (2022), Würzburg, Germany, July 18–20, 2022

Production of anhydrous formaldehyde with co-generation of hydrogen
Kamienowska, M.; Niedermeier, K.; Bender, M.; Wetzel, T.
2022. The Role of Catalysis for the Energy Transition (2022), Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany, October 5–7, 2022

Design of an Experimental Loop for Testing Key Components for Thermal Energy Storage with Liquid Lead at 700 °C
Niedermeier, K.; Lux, M.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.
2022. International Renewable Energy Storage and Systems Conference (IRES 2022), Düsseldorf, Germany, September 20–22, 2022

Testing key components for Carnot batteries in molten lead and molten salt at elevated temperatures
Niedermeier, K.; Klasing, F.; Lux, M.; Daubner, M.; Weisenburger, A.; Bonk, A.; Bauer, T.; Wetzel, T.
2022. 3rd International Workshop on Carnot Batteries (2022), Stuttgart, Germany, September 27–28, 2022

Filler Material Screening for a Dual-Media Energy Storage with Liquid Metal as Heat Transfer Fluid
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Hesse, R.; Niedermeier, K.; Heinzel, A.; Wetzel, T.
2022. 28th SolarPACES (2022), Albuquerque, NM, USA, September 27–30, 2022

Analysis of Thermoelastic Stress in a Tube with Azimuthally Inhomogeneous Heat Flux and Liquid Metal Cooling
Laube, T.; Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2022. 28th SolarPACES (2022), Albuquerque, NM, USA, September 27–30, 2022

Liquid metal technology research at Karlsruhe Liquid Metal Laboratory 2020 – Fueling sustainable energy and process technology by innovative approaches
Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Hofberger, C.; Kamienowska, M.; Krumholz, R.; Laube, T.; Litfin, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Niedermeier, K.; Stoppel, L.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wetzel, T.; Wittemann, K.
2022. Annual Report 2020 of the Institute for Thermal Energy Technology and Safety. Hrsg.: W. Tromm, 31–37, KIT Scientific Publishing

Theoretical and experimental studies of dual-media thermal energy storage with liquid metal
Niedermeier, K.; Mueller-Trefzer, F.; Daubner, M.; Marocco, L.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.
2022. 26th International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems (SolarPACES 2020), Article no: 160011, AIP Publishing. doi:10.1063/5.0085881

Liquid metal as heat transfer fluid in dual-media sensible and latent heat storage
Niedermeier, K.; Sinning, S.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2022. Proceedings of the 17th UK Heat Transfer Conference (UKHTC 2021), Manchester, UK, April 4-6, 2022

Liquid metal as heat transfer fluid in dual-media sensible and latent heat storage
Niedermeier, K.; Sinning, S.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2022. 17th UK Heat Transfer Conference (UKHTC 2022), Manchester, United Kingdom, April 4–6, 2022

Turbulent heat transfer in a liquid metal tube flow with azimuthally inhomogeneous heat flux
Laube, T.; Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2022. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 189, Art.-Nr.: 122734. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.122734

Thermophysical properties of the near eutectic liquid Ga-In-Sn alloy
Laube, T.; Emmendörfer, F.; Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2021, November 19. doi:10.5445/IR/1000140052

Experimental results from a high heat flux solar furnace with a molten metal-cooled receiver SOMMER
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Niedermeier, K.; Fellmoser, F.; Flesch, J.; Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2021. Solar energy, 221, 176–184. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2021.03.066

Experimentelle Bestimmung des Wärmeübergangs in turbulenten Flüssigmetallströmungen bei komplexen thermischen Randbedingungen
Laube, T.; Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2021. Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppen Fluidverfahrenstechnik und Wärme- und Stoffübertragung (2021), Online, February 24–26, 2021

Experimental set-up for the production of formaldehyde using sodium vapour
Kamienowska, M.; Niedermeier, K.; Stoppel, L.; Bender, M.; Wetzel, T.
2021. 13th European Congress of Chemical Engineering (ECCE 13) & 6th European Congress of Applied Biotechnology (ECAB 6 2021), Online, September 20–23, 2021

Concentrating Solar Power with Liquid Metals as Heat Transfer Fluids
Fellmoser, F.; Flesch, J.; Daubner, M.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Pacio, J.; Niedermeier, K.; Stoppel, L.; Piecha, H.; Uhlenbruck, N.; Wittemann, K.; Wetzel, T.
2021. Annual Report 2019 of the Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies, 35–37, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Experimental investigations of a dual-media thermal energy storage system with liquid metals
Müller-Trefzer, F.; Niedermeier, K.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2021. 15th International Conference on Renewable Energy Storage (IRES 2021), Online, March 16–18, 2021

Corrigendum to “Experimental study of heavy-liquid metal (LBE) flow and heat transfer along a hexagonal 19-rod bundle with wire spacers” [Nucl. Eng. Des. 301 (2016) 111–127]
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2021. Nuclear engineering and design, 371, Art. Nr.: 110928. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2020.110928

LES of turbulent aided mixed convection to a low Prandtl number fluid in a concentric annulus
Marocco, L.; Dietrich, B.; Wetzel, T.; Eckel, A.-M.
2020. 38th International Conference on Heat and Mass Transfer (2020), Gaeta, Italy, June 24–26, 2020

Synthesis of anhydrous formaldehyde
Kamienowska, M.; Stoppel, L.; Niedermeier, K.; Bender, M.; Wetzel, T.
2020. Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet-Fachgruppe Wärme- und Stoffübertragung (2020), Erfurt, Germany, March 12–13, 2020

High-temperature storage with liquid metals - Design of a prototype storage system and material testing
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.
2020. 2nd International Workshop on Carnot Batteries (2020), Stuttgart, Germany, September 15–16, 2020

Theoretical and Experimental Studies of Dual-Media Thermal Energy Storage with Liquid Metal
Niedermeier, K.; Müller-Trefzer, F.; Daubner, M.; Marocco, L.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.
2020. 26th SolarPACES (2020), Online, September 28–October 2, 2020

Entropy generation minimization analysis of solar salt, sodium, and lead–bismuth eutectic as high temperature heat transfer fluids
Flesch, J.; Marocco, L.; Fritsch, A.; Niedermeier, K.; Wetzel, T.
2020. Journal of heat transfer, 142 (4), Article: 042103. doi:10.1115/1.4046302

Thermodynamic Analysis of High‐Temperature Energy Storage Concepts Based on Liquid Metal Technology
Laube, T.; Marocco, L.; Niedermeier, K.; Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2020. Energy technology, 8 (3), Article no: 1900908. doi:10.1002/ente.201900908

Carbon dioxide free production of hydrogen
Stoppel, L.; Fehling, T.; Geißler, T.; Baake, E.; Wetzel, T.
2019. Annual Report 2017-2018 of the Institute for Nuclear and Energy Technologies. Ed.: T. Schulenberg, 43–56, KIT Scientific Publishing

Inter-Wrapper Flow: LBE Experiments and Simulations [in press]
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Uitslag-Doolaards, H.; Mathur, A.; Roelofs, F.
2019. 18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH-18), Portland, Oregon, USA, August 18-23, 2019., 796–809, ANS

Experimental study of the influence of inter-wrapper flow on liquid-metal cooled fuel assemblies
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Wetzel, T.
2019. Nuclear engineering and design, 352, Art. Nr.: 110145. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2019.06.007

Non-nuclear applications of HLMs
Pacio, J.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2019. Heavy Metal Summer School (2019), Mol, Belgium, June 17–21, 2019

High-temperature thermal energy storage concepts based on liquid metal technology
Pacio, J.; Niedermeier, K.; Wetzel, T.
2019. Eurotherm Seminar 112 : Advances in Thermal Energy Storage (2019), Lleida, Spanien, May 15–17, 2019

Inter-Wrapper Flow: LBE Experiments and Simulations
Pacio, J. C.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Mathur, A.; Uitslag-Doolaard, H.; Roelofs, F.
2019. 18th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermal Hydraulics (NURETH 2019), Portland, OR, USA, August 18–23, 2019

Numerical investigation of a thermal storage system using sodium as heat transfer fluid (KIT Scientific Reports ; 7755). PhD dissertation
Niedermeier, K.
2019. KIT Scientific Publishing. doi:10.5445/KSP/1000093902

High temperature thermal energy storage with liquid metals
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2019. 13. International Renewable Energy Storage Conference (IRES 2019), Düsseldorf, Germany, March 12–14, 2019

Construction of experimental liquid-metal facilities
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Hering, W.; Jäger, W.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2019. Thermal Hydraulics Aspects of Liquid Metal Cooled Nuclear Reactors. Ed.: F. Roelofs, 107–125, Elsevier. doi:10.1016/B978-0-08-101980-1.00013-2

Optical void measurement method for stratified wavy two phase flows
Gabriel, S.; Schulenberg, T.; Albrecht, G.; Heiler, W.; Miassoedov, A.; Kaiser, F.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Experimental thermal and fluid science, 97, 341–350. doi:10.1016/j.expthermflusci.2018.05.001

Performance of molten sodium vs. molten salts in a packed bed thermal energy storage
Niedermeier, K.; Marocco, L.; Flesch, J.; Mohan, G.; Coventry, J.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Applied thermal engineering, 141, 368–377. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2018.05.080

Experimental Nusselt Number in Rod Bundles Cooled by Heavy-Liquid Metals
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Di Piazza, I.; Tarantino, M.; Martelli, D.; Angelucci, M.
2018. 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, London, England, July 22–26, 2018. Vol.: 6B, ICONE26–82213, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). doi:10.1115/ICONE26-82213

Influence of Spacer Elements on Flow Distribution and Heat Transfer in Experimental Models of Fuel Assemblies
Kashinsky, O.; Kulikov, D.; Kurdyumov, A.; Lezhnin, S.; Lobanov, P.; Pribaturin, N.; Svetonosov, A.; Pacio, J.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2018. 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering, London, England, July 22–26, 2018. Vol.: 6B, ICONE26–82163, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). doi:10.1115/ICONE26-82163

Critical heat flux for flow boiling of water on micro-structured Zircaloy tube surfaces
Haas, C.; Kaiser, F.; Schulenberg, T.; Wetzel, T.
2018. International journal of heat and mass transfer, 120, 793–806. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2017.12.077

Heat transfer experiment in a partially (internally) blocked 19-rod bundle with wire spacers cooled by LBE
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Nuclear engineering and design, 330, 225–240. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2018.01.034

AP 3.1.12 Zusammenfassung Ergebnisse und Kooperation
Gabriel, S.; Heiler, W.; Albrecht, G.; Kaiser, F.; Wetzel, T.
2018. NUBEKS Abschlussmeeting TU-München, Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, Garching (2018), Garching bei München, Germany, July 18, 2018

Liquid Metals – a Promising Heat Transfer Media for CSP – Overview on KIT Research
Weisenburger, A.; Hering, W.; Onea, A.; Pacio, J.; Schroer, C.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.; Müller, G.
2018. SolarPACES (2018), Casablanca, Morocco, October 2–5, 2018

Local blockages in a rod bundle with wire spacers: Heat transfer in LBE for the safety assessment of MYRRHA
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Advances in Thermal Hydraulics (ATH 2018) embedded in ANS 2018 Winter Meeting, Orlando, FL, November 11-15, 2018, 520–530, ANS

Local blockages in a rod bundle with wire spacers: Heat transfer in LBE for the safety assessment of MYRRHA
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Advances in Thermal Hydraulics (ATH 2018), Orlando, FL, USA, November 11–15, 2018

Liquid metal technology for high temperature heat transport and storage
Pacio, J.; Niedermeier, K.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Power-Heat-Power : International Workshop on Carnot Batteries (2018), Stuttgart, Germany, October 9–10, 2018

Heat transfer of liquid metal flow in a tube heated on half of the circumference - concept of a test loop
Dietrich, B.; Laube, T.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2018. 16th International Heat Transfer Conference (IHTC-16), Beijing, China, August 10-15, 2018. Proceedings on USB-Stick, Paper IHTC16–24226

Heat transfer of liquid metal flow in a tube heated on half of the circumference - concept of a test loop
Dietrich, B.; Laube, T.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2018. 16th International Heat Transfer Conference (IHTC 2018), Beijing, China, August 10–15, 2018

Investigation of the critical heat flux in a rod bundle configuration under low pressure conditions
Kaiser, F.; Gabriel, S.; Albrecht, G.; Wetzel, T.
2018. Ideen und Innovationen für die Energie von morgen : Wissenschaftliche Beiträge des KIT zu den Jahrestagungen 2014, 2016 und 2017 des KIT-Zentrums Energie. Ed.: W. Breh, 37–41, KIT Scientific Publishing. doi:10.5445/IR/1000084911

Influence of spacer elements on flow distribution and heat transfer in experimental models of fuel assemblies
Kashinsky, O.; Kulikov, D.; Kurdyumov, A.; Lezhnin, S.; Lobanov, P.; Pribaturin, N.; Svetonosov, A.; Pacio, J.; Stoppel, L.; Wetzel, T.
2018. 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2018), London, United Kingdom, July 22–28, 2018

Experimental Nusselt number in rod bundles cooled by heavy-liquid metals
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Di Piazza, I.; Tarantino, M.; Martelli, D.; Angelucci, M.
2018. 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE 2018), London, United Kingdom, July 22–28, 2018

COSMOS-L Versuche am Ringspalt
Kaiser, F.; Gipperich, N.; Wetzel, T.; Gabriel, S.; Heiler, W.; Albrecht, A.
2017. NUBEKS Projektmeeting TU-München, Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, Garching (2017), Garching bei München, Germany, December 4, 2017

Optical void measurement method for stratified wavy two phase flows
Kaiser, F.; Wetzel, T.; Gabriel, S.; Schulenberg, T.; Albrecht, G.; Heiler, W.; Miassoedov, A.
2017. 9th World Conference on Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Foz do Iguaçu, BR, June 11-15, 2017

Process concept and lab-scale test of CO₂-free methane cracking via liquid metal technology
Stoppel, L.; Geißler, T.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Electrotechnologies for Material Processing : 18th International UIE-Congress, Hannover, June 6-9, 2017. Ed.: E. Baake, 411–415, Vulkan-Verlag

Process concept and lab-scale test of CO₂-free methane cracking via liquid metal technology
Stoppel, L.; Geißler, T.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Electrotechnologies for Material Processing : 18th International UIE-Congress, Hannover, June 6-9, 2017

Development of a measurement technique for bubble detection in liquid tin
Otte, D.; Stoppel, L.; Wondrak, T.; Wetzel, T.
2017. 18th International UIE-Congress on Electrotechnologies for Material Processing (2017), Hanover, Germany, June 6–9, 2017

Using Lorentz forces to control the distribution of bubbles in a vertical tube filled with liquid metal
Heitkam, S.; Tschisgale, S.; Krull, B.; Wetzel, T.; Baake, E.; Fröhlich, J.
2017. IOP conference series / Materials science and engineering, ""( (!), Art. Nr.: 012008. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/228/1/012008

Liquid metals for solar power systems
Flesch, J.; Niedermeier, K.; Fritsch, A.; Musaeva, D.; Marocco, L.; Uhlig, R.; Baake, E.; Buck, R.; Wetzel, T.
2017. IOP conference series / Materials science and engineering, 228 (1), Art. Nr.: 012012. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/228/1/012012

Carbon dioxide free production of hydrogen
Stoppel, L.; Fehling, T.; Geißler, T.; Baake, E.; Wetzel, T.
2017. IOP conference series / Materials science and engineering, 228 (1), Art. Nr.: 012016. doi:10.1088/1757-899X/228/1/012016

Construction of experimental liquid metal facilities (experiences at KIT)
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Hering, W.; Jäger, W.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Thermohydraulics and Chemistry of Liquid etal Cooled Reactors, April 10-14, 2017. Ed.: F. Roelofs, Von Karman Inst. for Fluid Dynamics

Thermal-hydraulic experiments supporting the MYRRHA fuel assembly
Pacio, J.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.; Kennedy, G.; Van Tichelen, K.
2017. International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles: Next Generation Nuclear Systems for Sustainable Development (FR17), Yekaterinburg, Russia, June 26-29, 2017. Proceedings on USB-Stick, Paper IAEA-CN245–283

Thermal-hydraulic experiments supporting the MYRRHA fuel assembly
Pacio, J.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.; Kennedy, G.; Van Tichelen, K.
2017. International Conference on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles: Next Generation Nuclear Systems for Sustainable Development (2017), Yekaterinburg, Russia, June 26–29, 2017

Construction of experimental liquid metal facilities (experiences at KIT)
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Hering, W.; Jäger, W.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Lecture Series on Thermohydraulics and Chemistry of Liquid Metal Cooled Reactors, Sint-Genesius-Rode, B, April 10-14, 2017

Corrigendum to “Assessment of liquid metal technology status and research paths for their use as efficient heat transfer fluids in solar central receiver systems” [Solar Energy 93 (2013) 11–22]
Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Solar energy, 144, 827. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2017.02.040

Liquid Metals as Efficient High-Temperature Heat-Transport Fluids
Heinzel, A.; Hering, W.; Konys, J.; Marocco, L.; Litfin, K.; Müller, G.; Pacio, J.; Schroer, C.; Stieglitz, R.; Stoppel, L.; Weisenburger, A.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Energy technology, 5 (7), 1026–1036. doi:10.1002/ente.201600721

Wärmeübertragung in über den halben Umfang beheizten, mit Flüssigmetall durchströmten Rohren
Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet Fachgruppe Wärme- und Stoffübertragung, Bruchsal, 16.-17.Februar 2017

Wärmeübertragung in über den halben Umfang beheizten, mit Flüssigmetall durchströmten Rohren
Dietrich, B.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2017. Jahrestreffen der ProcessNet Fachgruppe Wärme- und Stoffübertragung, Bruchsal, 16.-17.Februar 2017

Numerical investigation of turbulent aided mixed convection of liquid metal flow through a concentric annulus
Marocco, L.; Alberti di Valmontana, A.; Wetzel, T.
2017. International journal of heat and mass transfer, 105, 479–494. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2016.09.107

Development of methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology for CO₂-free production of hydrogen
Abánades, A.; Rathnam, R. K.; Geißler, T.; Heinzel, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Müller, G.; Plevan, M.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Weisenburger, A.; Wenninger, H.; Wetzel, T.
2016. International journal of hydrogen energy, 41 (19), 8159–8167. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.11.164

Thermal-hydraulic study of the LBE-cooled fuel assembly in the MYRRHA reactor : Experiments and simulations
Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.; Doolaard, H.; Roelofs, F.; Van Tichelen, K.
2016. Nuclear engineering and design, 312, 327–337. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.08.023

Assessment of thermal energy storage options in a sodium-based CSP plant
Niedermeier, K.; Flesch, J.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2016. Applied thermal engineering, 107, 386–397. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.06.152

Hydrogen production via methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor with a packed bed
Geißler, T.; Abánades, A.; Heinzel, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Müller, G.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Weisenburger, A.; Wenninger, H.; Wetzel, T.
2016. The chemical engineering journal, 299, 192–200. doi:10.1016/j.cej.2016.04.066

Experimental activities at KALLA on heavy-liquid metal heat transfer for fast reactors
Wetzel, T.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Pacio, J.
2016. International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2016), San Francisco, CA, April 17-20, 2016

Experimental activities at KALLA on heavy-liquid metal heat transfer for fast reactors
Wetzel, T.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Pacio, J.
2016. International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 2016), San Francisco, CA, April 17-20, 2016. Proceedings on CD-ROM, 1294–1303, American Nuclear Society (ANS)

Thermal-hydraulic experiments at KALLA in support of ADS
Pacio, J.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.; Knebel, J.
2016. 3rd International Workshop on Technology and Components of Accelerator-Driven Systems, Mito, J, September 6-9, 2016

Numerical analysis of a solar tower receiver tube operated with liquid metals
Marocco, L.; Cammi, G.; Flesch, J.; Wetzel, T.
2016. International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 105, 22–35. doi:10.1016/j.ijthermalsci.2016.02.002

Experimental study of heavy-liquid metal (LBE) flow and heat transfer along a hexagonal 19-rod bundle with wire spacers
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2016. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 301, 111–127. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2016.03.003

Handbook on Lead-bismuth Eutectic Alloy and Lead Properties, Materials Compatibility, Thermal-hydraulics and Technologies - 2015 Edition
Fazio, C.; Sobolev, V. P.; Aerts, A.; Gavrilov, S.; Lambrinou, K.; Schuurmans, P.; Gessi, A.; Agostini, P.; Ciampichetti, A.; Martinelli, L.; Gosse, S.; Balbaud-Celerier, F.; Courouau, J. L.; Terlain, A.; Li, N.; Glasbrenner, H.; Neuhausen, J.; Heinitz, S.; Zanini, L.; Dai, Y.; Jolkkonen, M.; Kurata, Y.; Obara, T.; Thiolliere, N.; Martin-Munoz, F. J.; Heinzel, A.; Weisenburger, A.; Mueller, G.; Schumacher, G.; Jianu, A.; Pacio, J.; Marocco, L.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.; Daubner, M.; Litfin, K.; Vogt, J. B.; Proriol-Serre, I.; Gorse, D.; Eckert, S.; Stefani, F.; Buchenau, D.; Wondrak, T.; Hwang, I. S.
2015. OECD/NEA

Experimental analysis of hydrogen production by methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column
Geißler, T.; Plevan, M.; Abanades, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Wetzel, T.
2015. 6th International Conference on Hydrogen Production (ICH2P 2015), Oshawa, Canada, May 3–6, 2015

Development of CO₂-free production of hydrogen by methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology
Abanades, A.; Geissler, T.; Heinzel, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Müller, G.; Plevan, M.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Weisenburger, A.; Wenninger, H.; Wetzel, T.
2015. 6th International Conference on Hydrogen Production (ICH2P 2015), Oshawa, Canada, May 3–6, 2015

Technical feasibility and design study of methane cracking in a liquid metal
Stoppel, L.; Geißler, T.; Plevan, M.; Wetzel, T.; Abanades, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Rathnam, R. K.
2015. Energy, Science and Technology, Conference and Exhibition (EST 2015), Karlsruhe, Germany, May 20–22, 2015

Experimental analysis of hydrogen production by methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column
Geißler, T.; Plevan, M.; Abanades, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Wetzel, T.
2015. 6th International Conference on Hydrogen Production (ICH2P-2015), Oshawa, CDN, May 3-6, 2015 Proceedings, Paper ID 31

Development of CO₂-free production of hydrogen by methane decarbonisation based on liquid metal technology
Abanades, A.; Geissler, T.; Heinzel, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Müller, G.; Plevan, M.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Weisenburger, A.; Wenninger, H.; Wetzel, T.
2015. 6th International Conference on Hydrogen Production (ICH2P-2015), Oshawa, CDN, May 3-6, 2015. Proceedings, Paper ID 37

Thermal cracking of methane in a liquid metal bubble column reactor: Experiments and kinetic analysis
Plevan, M.; Geißler, T.; Abanades, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Wetzel, T.
2015. International journal of hydrogen energy, 40, 8020–8033. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.04.062

Experimental investigation and thermo-chemical modeling of methane pyrolysis in a liquid metal bubble column reactor with a packed bed
Geißler, T.; Plevan, M.; Abanades, A.; Heinzel, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Rathnam, R. K.; Rubbia, C.; Salmieri, D.; Stoppel, L.; Stückrad, S.; Weisenburger, A.; Wenninger, H.; Wetzel, T.
2015. International journal of hydrogen energy, 40 (41), 14134–14146. doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2015.08.102

Liquid metal cooled fast reactors
Stieglitz, R.; Hering, W.; Wetzel, T.; Tromm, W.
2015. Garchinger Seminare über Reaktorsicherheit, GRS, Garching, 16.September 2015

Construction of a test facility for demonstration of a liquid lead-bismuth-cooled 10kW thermal receiver in a solar furnace arrangement - SOMMER
Flesch, J.; Fritsch, A.; Cammi, G.; Marocco, L.; Fellmoser, F.; Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2015. Energy procedia, 69, 1259–1268. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2015.03.157

High power spallation target using a heavy liquid metal free surface flow
Litfin, K.; Fetzer, J. R.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2015. Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry, 305 (3), 795–803. doi:10.1007/s10967-015-4002-z

Technical feasibilty and design study of methane cracking in a liquid metal
Stoppel, L.; Geißler, T.; Plevan, M.; Wetzel, T.; Abánades, A.; Mehravaran, K.; Rathnam, R. K.
2015. Energy, Science and Technology, Conference and Exhibition (EST 2015), Karlsruhe, Germany, May 20–22, 2015

Liquid metals as efficient heat transfer fluids for next generation CSP systems
Marocco, L.; Fellmoser, F.; Flesch, J.; Niedermeier, K.; Wetzel, T.
2015. Energy, Science and Technology, Conference and Exhibition (EST 2015), Karlsruhe, Germany, May 20–22, 2015

Experimental and numerical investigation of liquid-metal free-surface flows in spallation targets
Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.; Moreau, V.; Massidda, L.; Thomas, S.; Lakehal, D.; Angeli, D.; Losi, G.; Mooney, K. G.; Tichelen, K. V.
2015. Nuclear engineering and design, 290, 107–118. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.11.009

Review of data and correlations for turbulent forced convective heat transfer of liquid metals in pipes
Pacio, J.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2015. Heat and Mass Transfer/Waerme- und Stoffuebertragung, 51 (2), 153–164. doi:10.1007/s00231-014-1392-3

Experimentelle Ermittlung von kritischen Wärmestromdichten bei reaktortypischen Bedingungen als Validierungsdaten
Wetzel, T.; Kaiser, F.; Gabriel, S.; Miassoeodov, A.
2014. Kick-off Meeting Verbundprojekt Siedekriese TU München, Lehrstuhl für Thermodynamik, Garching (2014), Garching bei München, Germany, October 7–8, 2014

Heavy-liquid metal heat transfer experiment in a 19-rod bundle with grid spacers
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Stieglitz, R.; Taufall, S.; Wetzel, T.
2014. Nuclear Engineering and Design, 273, 33–46. doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2014.02.020

Liquid metal technology for concentrated solar power systems: Contributions by the German research program
Wetzel, T.; Pacio, J.; Marocco, L.; Weisenburger, A.; Heinzel, A.; Hering, W.; Schroer, C.; Müller, G.; Konys, J.; Stieglitz, R.; Fuchs, J.; Knebel, J.; Fazio, C.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.
2014. AIMS Energy, 2 (1), 89–98. doi:10.3934/energy.2014.1.89

Construction of a test facility for demonstration of a liquid lead-bismuth-cooled 10kW thermal receiver in a solar furnace arrangement - SOMMER
Flesch, J.; Fritsch, A.; Cammi, G.; Marocco, L.; Fellmoser, F.; Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2014. International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems (SolarPACES 2014), Beijing, China, September 16-19, 2014

Experimental investigation of lead-bismuth-eutectic flow and heat transfer in hexagonal-lattice rod bundles with Grid spacers
Taufall, S.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Pacio, J.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2014. International Workshop on Thermal Hydraulics of Innovative Nuclear Systems (THINS 2014), Modena, I, January 20-22, 2014

High power spallation target using a heavy liquid metal free surface flow
Litfin, K.; Fetzer, J. R.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2014. 27th International Conference of the International Nuclear Target Development Society (INTDS-2014), Tokoy, J, August 31 - September 5, 2014

Heat transfer experiments in rod bundles cooled by lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE)
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2014. 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal-Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS 2014), Okinawa, J, December 14-18, 2014, Paper NUTHOS10–1031, American Nuclear Society (ANS)

Fuel bundle heat transfer and blockage experiments
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2014. SEARCH/MAXSIMA International Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 7-10, 2014. Hrsg.: J. Pacio, Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)

Heat transfer experiments in rod bundles cooled by lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE)
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.
2014. 10th International Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal-Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS 2014), Okinawa, J, December 14-18, 2014

Fuel bundle heat transfer and blockage experiments
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2014. SEARCH/MAXSIMA International Workshop, Karlsruhe, October 7-10, 2014

Fuel assembly heat transfer and blockage experiments
Pacio, J.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2014. SEARCH/MAXSIMA Technical Review Meeting, Ghent, B, April 28-30, 2014

Thermodynamic evaluation of liquid metals as heat transfer fluids in concentrated solar power plants
Pacio, J.; Singer, C.; Wetzel, T.; Uhlig, R.
2013. Applied thermal engineering, 60 (1-2), 295–302. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2013.07.010

Assessment of liquid metal technology status and research paths for their use as efficient heat transfer fluids in solar central receiver systems
Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2013. Solar Energy, 93, 11–22. doi:10.1016/j.solener.2013.03.025

Critical heat flux for flow boiling of water at low pressure in vertical internally heated annuli
Haas, C.; Schulenberg, T.; Wetzel, T.
2013. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 60, 380–391. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.12.038

Status of LBE rod bundle experiment at KIT
Litfin, K.; Marocco, L.; Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2013. (KALLA Team, Ed.), THINS 3rd Technical Review Meeting, Petten, NL, September 9-10, 2013

Liquid metals as heat transfer fluids in high-temperature processes with indirect thermal energy storage
Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2013. 2nd International Conference on Materials for Energy (EnMat 2013), Karlsruhe, 12.-16. Mai 2013

Advanced high-efficiency solar central receiver systems using liquid metals as heat transfer fluids
Pacio, J.; Wetzel, T.
2013. ASME 7th Internationl Conference on Energy Sustainability, Minneapolis, Minn., July 14-19, 2013

Kühlung thermisch hochbelasteter Oberflächen mittels flüssiger Metalle. Experimente zur Untersuchung von Wärmeübergängen an Flüssigmetalle
Taufall, S.; Wetzel, T.; Daubner, M.
2013. Chancen der Energiewende : wissenschaftliche Beiträge des KIT zur 1. Jahrestagung des KIT-Zentrums Energie, 19.06.2012. Hrsg.: W. Breh, 137–142, KIT Scientific Publishing

Numerical and experimental hydraulic analysis of the heavy liquid metal free surface of myrrha spallation target experiment
Batta, A.; Ltfin, K.; Fellmoser, F.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2013. THINS Cluster Workshop, Stockholm, S, February 6-7, 2013

Numerical and experimental hydraulic analysis of the heavy liquid metal free surface of myrrha spallation target experiment
Batta, A.; Ltfin, K.; Fellmoser, F.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2013. THINS Cluster Workshop, Stockholm, S, February 6-7, 2013

Critical heat flux on micro-structured zircaloy surfaces for flow boiling of water at low pressures
Haas, C.; Miassoedov, A.; Schulenberg, T.; Wetzel, T.
2012. Internat.Congress on the Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 12), Chicago, Ill., June 24-28, 2012, 2312–2319, American Nuclear Society (ANS)

Experimental investigation of the turbulent heavy liquid metal heat transfer in the thermal entry region of a vertical annulus with constant heat flux on the inner surface
Marocco, L.; Loges, A.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2012. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 55 (23-24), 6435–6445. doi:10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2012.06.037

Kühlung thermisch hochbelasteter Oberflächen mittels flüssiger Metalle
Taufall, S.; Wetzel, T.; Daubner, M.
2012. Chancen der Energiewende : 1.Jahrestagung des KIT-Zentrums Energie, Karlsruhe, 19.Juni 2012

Validation of RANS models for turbulent low Prandtl number flows
Baumann, T.; Oertel, H.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2012. 9th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-9), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, September 9-13, 2012

Simulation of turbulent rod bundle flow at a low molecular Prandtl number
Baumann, T.; Taufall, S.; Oertel, H.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2012. 7th Internat.Symp.on Turbulence, Heat and Mass Transfer (THMT’12), Palermo, I, September 24-27, 2012

HLM fuel bundle analysis
Batta, A.; Taufall, S.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglietz, R.; Class, A. G.; Daubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.
2012. Internat.Workshop on Innovative Nuclear Reactors Cooled by Heavy Liquid Metals: Status and Perspectives, Pisa, I, April 17-20, 2012

Validation of RANS models for turbulent low Prandtl number flows
Baumann, T.; Oertel, H.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2012. 9th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-9), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, September 9-13, 2012, CD-ROM

Application of liquid metals for solar energy systems
Hering, W.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2012. EPJ Web of Conferences, 33, 03003/1–7. doi:10.1051/epjconf/20123303003

First results of turbulent heat transfer experiments in LBE cooled electrically heated 19-rod bundle
Taufall, S.; Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Fellmoser, F.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2012. 9th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-9), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, September 9-13, 2012

First results of turbulent heat transfer experiments in LBE cooled electrically heated 19-rod bundle
Taufall, S.; Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Fellmoser, F.; Daubner, M.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2012. 9th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-9), Kaohsiung, Taiwan, September 9-13, 2012, CD-ROM

Critical heat flux on micro-structured zircaloy surfaces for flow boiling of water at low pressures
Haas, C.; Miassoedov, A.; Schulenberg, T.; Wetzel, T.
2012. Internat.Congress on the Advances in Nuclear Power Plants (ICAPP 12), Chicago, Ill., June 24-28, 2012

Flow distribution and turbulent heat transfer in a hexagonal rod bundle experiment
Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2012. Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles : Challenges and Opportunities (FR09) ; Proc.of the Internat.Conf., Kyoto, J, December 7-11, 2009, CD-ROM, IAEA

Lead/LBE cooled reactors
Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.; Tromm, W.
2012. (KALLA Team, Ed.), Kerntechnisches Kolloquium, RWTH Aachen, 26.Juni 2012

Investigation of a heavy liquid metal free surface target experiment
Litfin, K.; Fellmoser, F.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2012. 20th International Conferenz on Nuclear Engineering Collocated with the ASME 2012 Power Conf., Anaheim, Calif., July 30 - August 3, 2012, DVD, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME). doi:10.1115/ICONE20-POWER2012-54174

Application of liquid metals for solar energy systems
Hering, W.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2012. 2nd European Energy Conf., Maastricht, NL, April 17-20

Investigation of a heavy liquid metal free surface target experiment
Litfin, K.; Fellmoser, F.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2012. 20th Internat.Conf.on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE20), Anaheim, Calif., July 30 - August 3, 2012

Liquid metal technology program in Germany
Fazio, C.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2012. Internat.Workshop on Innovative Nuclear Reactors Cooled by Heavy Liquid Metals: Status and Perspectives, Pisa, I, April 17-20, 2012

XT-ADS Windowless spallation target thermohydraulic design & experimental setup
Class, A. G.; Angeli, D.; Batta, A.; Dierckx, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Moreau, V.; Roelofs, F.; Schuurmans, P.; Tichelen, K. V.; Wetzel, T.
2011. Journal of nuclear materials, 415 (3), 378–384. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.04.050

Investigation on heavy liquid metal cooling of ADS fuel pin assemblies
Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2011. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 415 (3), 425–432. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2011.04.048

Modeling the turbulent heat fluxes in low Prandtl number shear flows
Baumann, T.; Loges, A.; Marocco, L.; Schenkel, T.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2011. 14th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermalhydraulics (NURETH-14), Toronto, CDN, September 25-30, 2011

Experimental investigation on turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal along a heated rod in a vertical annulus
Loges, A.; Baumann, T.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2011. 14th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermalhydraulics (NURETH-14), Toronto, CDN, September 25-30, 2011

Modeling the turbulent heat fluxes in low Prandtl number shear flows
Baumann, T.; Loges, A.; Marocco, L.; Schenkel, T.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2011. 14th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermalhydraulics (NURETH-14), Toronto, CDN, September 25-30, 2011 Proc.on CD-ROM NURETH14-486 Toronto : Canadian Nuclear Society, 2011

Experimental investigation on turbulent heat transfer in liquid metal along a heated rod in a vertical annulus
Loges, A.; Baumann, T.; Marocco, L.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2011. 14th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Reactor Thermalhydraulics (NURETH-14), Toronto, CDN, September 25-30, 2011 Proc.on CD-ROM NURETH14-439 Toronto : Canadian Nuclear Society, 2011

Experimental investigation of turbulent flow distribution in a hexagonal rod bundle for ADS prototype application
Wetzel, T.; Litfin, K.; Stieglitz, R.; Class, A. G.; Deubner, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Batta, A.
2011. Technology and Components of Accelerator-Driven Systems : Workshop Proceedings, Karlsruhe, March 15-17, 2010 Paris : OECD/NEA, 2011 (Nuclear Science), 159–169

Flüssigmetalltechnologieentwicklung
Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2011. (KALLA Team, Ed.), Vortr.: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf (HZDR), 7.März 2011

Rehme correlation for spacer pressure drop compared to XT-ADS rod bundle simulations and water experiment
Batta, A.; Class, A.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2011. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Berlin, 17.-19.Mai 2011 Berlin : INFORUM GmbH, 2011 CD-ROM

Rehme correlation for spacer pressure drop compared to XT-ADS rod bundle simulations and water experiment
Batta, A.; Class, A.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2011. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Berlin, 17.-19.Mai 2011 Berlin : INFORUM GmbH, 2011 CD-ROM

Numerical study on flow distribution and turbulent flow in XT-ADS rod bundle water experiment
Batta, A.; Class, A.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2010. 8th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-8), Shanghai, China, October 10-14, 2010 Proc.on CD-ROM Paper N8P0232

Numerical study on flow distribution and turbulent flow in XT-ADS rod bundle water experiment
Batta, A.; Class, A.; Litfin, K.; Wetzel, T.
2010. 8th Internat.Topical Meeting on Nuclear Thermal Hydraulics, Operation and Safety (NUTHOS-8), Shanghai, China, October 10-14, 2010 Proc.on CD-ROM Paper N8P0232

Flow distribution and turbulent heat transfer measurements in a hexagonal LBE rod bundle
Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2010. Proc.of the 18th Internat.Conf.on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-18), Xi’an, China, May 17-21, 2010 CD-ROM Paper ICONE18-29411 New York, N.Y. : ASME, 2010

XT-ADS windowless spallation target thermohydraulic design and experimental setup
Class, A. G.; Angeli, D.; Batta, A.; Dierckx, M.; Fellmoser, F.; Moreau, V.; Roelofs, F.; Schuurmans, P.; Tichelen, K. van; Wetzel, T.
2010. Internat.DEMETRA Workshop on Development and Assessment of Structural Materials and Heavy Liquid Metal Technologies for Transmutation Systems, Berlin, March 2- 4, 2010

Flow distribution and turbulent heat transfer measurements in a hexagonal LBE rod bundle
Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2010. Proc.of the 18th Internat.Conf.on Nuclear Engineering (ICONE-18), Xi’an, China, May 17-21, 2010 CD-ROM Paper ICONE18-29411 New York, N.Y. : ASME, 2010

Experimental and numerical investigation of water and heav liquid metal cooled rod bundles
Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.
2010. Internat.DEMETRA Workshop on Development and Assessment of Structural Materials and Heavy Liquid Metal Technologies for Transmutation Systems, Berlin, March 2-4, 2010

Investigation and prevention of droplet splashing during operation of a sodium free jet flow
Stoppel, L.; Gordeev, S.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.; Fellmoser, F.; Daubner, M.
2010. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Berlin, 4.-6.Mai 2010 Berlin : INFORUM GmbH, 2010 CD-ROM Paper 216

Investigation and prevention of droplet splashing during operation of a sodium free jet flow
Stoppel, L.; Gordeev, S.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.; Fellmoser, F.; Daubner, M.
2010. Jahrestagung Kerntechnik, Berlin, 4.-6.Mai 2010 Berlin : INFORUM GmbH, 2010 CD-ROM Paper 216

Flow distribution and turbulent heat transfer in a hexagonal rod bundle experiment
Litfin, K.; Batta, A.; Class, A. G.; Wetzel, T.; Stieglitz, R.
2009. Internat.Conf.on Fast Reactors and Related Fuel Cycles : Challenges and Opportunities (FR09), Kyoto, J, December 7-11, 2009 Folien online veröffentlicht

Liquid metal technology development. Challenges and status of the experimental program for validation
Batta, A.; Class, A.; Daubner, M.; Litfin, K.; Stieglitz, R.; Wetzel, T.
2009. (KALLA Team, Ed.), Jahrestagung Kerntechnik 2009, Dresden, 12.-14.Mai 2009